Tag Archives: history

Inclusive Foreign Policy in Kenya: Balancing Power and Engagement

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Kenya finds itself at a pivotal point in its foreign policy journey, striving to reconcile its aspirations for a more inclusive approach with the enduring reality of presidential dominance . While President Ruto champions a “whole-of-society” approach, involving Parliament, the Judiciary, and civil society in foreign policy decisions, the long-standing centralization of authority in the presidency raises questions about the government’s commitment to inclusivity . This tension is further complicated by domestic political pressures, regional security challenges , and the evolving global landscape, where the rise of new powers like China demands greater diplomatic agility and strategic foresight .  

A Report by Thee Alpha House

Adding to this complexity, Ruto’s recent foreign policy actions, such as deploying troops to Haiti, have sparked controversy, raising concerns about prioritizing external interventions over domestic needs and aligning too closely with Western interests . This has fueled public discontent and raised questions about Kenya’s commitment to non-alignment and pan-Africanism . Moreover, Kenya faces the increasing influence of non-state actors, such as NGOs and multinational corporations, which can exert significant influence on policy through advocacy and economic power.  

Despite these challenges, Kenya has opportunities to enhance its foreign policy effectiveness. The recently approved Foreign Policy 2024 outlines a comprehensive vision for international engagement, focusing on economic diplomacy, peace diplomacy, and diaspora diplomacy, among other areas. It also emphasizes strengthening the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and improving training for diplomatic staff. To navigate this complex landscape effectively, Kenya should embrace evidence-based policymaking, enhance public diplomacy, increase citizen engagement, and foster strategic foresight, drawing from global best practices and addressing the contradictions in its foreign policy to emerge as a leader in Africa and a respected voice on the world stage.

References:

KBC Kenya’s foreign policy is determined by the President, says Wetang’ula

Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on The Foreign Policy of the Republic of Kenya PDF

Megatrends Afrika Winning Hearts and Minds Abroad or at Home? Kenya’s Foreign Policy under William Ruto

CEPR Evidence-based policymaking in the US and UK

Norwich University 5 Key Approaches to Foreign Policy Analysis

The Impact of Digital Activism: Gen Z Protests Reshape Political Engagement in Kenya

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The recent protests in Kenya against the Finance Bill 2024 highlight a significant shift in political activism, driven largely by Gen Z. These protests, organized under the banner of “Occupy Parliament,” leveraged digital platforms and social media to mobilize widespread participation across major cities. Digital tools, including AI-generated content and crowdfunding, played a crucial role in spreading information and organizing logistics. This wave of digital activism marks a departure from traditional ethnic-based mobilization to issue-based activism, as noted by Job Mwaura, a postdoctoral researcher at the Wits Centre for Journalism. The spontaneity and grassroots nature of these protests underscore a new era of political engagement in Kenya.

Government spokesperson Isaac Mwaura has suggested that foreign powers might be influencing these protests, citing President William Ruto’s international stances on issues like Russia’s aggression against Ukraine and calls for global financial reforms. Mwaura’s claims highlight the complex interplay between local discontent and international politics. The digital activism fueling these protests demonstrates a sophisticated use of technology, with young Kenyans employing strategies like AI to educate the public and hacking to draw attention to their cause. This digital-driven movement has successfully transitioned from online platforms to real-world actions, compelling political leaders to listen and even amend parts of the Finance Bill before its passage.

To resolve the conflict, the Kenyan government must enact legislative reforms that address the economic and social grievances of the youth. Firstly, a review and possible amendment of the Finance Bill 2024 should be undertaken to reduce the burden of punitive taxes on young people and marginalized communities. Additionally, legislation that promotes transparency and accountability in government spending could build trust. Establishing a Youth Advisory Council to provide input on policies affecting young people could ensure their voices are heard in the legislative process. Finally, creating legal frameworks to protect digital activism and free speech can foster an environment where the youth feel empowered to engage constructively in political discourse. These measures can bridge the gap between the government and its youth, ensuring stability and progress while maintaining the momentum of positive political change driven by a digitally empowered generation.

References:

The Star Foreign powers behind Gen Z protests, Isaac Mwaura alleges

Nation Angry and unafraid: When Gen Z storm country’s streets

The Conversation Kenya protests: Gen Z shows the power of digital activism – driving change from screens to the streets